Physics of Low Temperatures. Part I: Methodes of Cooling

Part I STATISTICAL PHYSICS

Cooling Many Particles to Very Low Temperatures

In a recent paper [Beige, Knight, and Vitiello, quant-ph/0404160], we showed that a large number N of particles can be cooled very efficiently. The particles should be excited by red-detuned laser fields while coupling to the quantized field mode inside a resonant and leaky optical cavity. When the coupling constants are for all particles the same, a collective behavior can be generated and the...

a survey of translation of metaphors in holy quran – part 20&21

چکیده ندارد.

Thermal expansion of blood vessels in low cryogenic temperatures Part I: A new experimental device.

As part of the ongoing effort to study the mechanical behavior of biological material during cryopreservation processes, the current study focuses on thermal expansion of blood vessels at low cryogenic temperatures. The current paper (Part I) describes a new experimental device for thermal expansion measurements of blood vessels in typical conditions of vitrification, which are associated with ...

The Mechanics of Film Cooling I - Part 1 ELDON

Thin liquid wall fillTIs flowing under the influence of high-velocity turbulent gas streaIllS were studied for the purpose of obtaining an understanding of the Illechanics of filIll cooling. Conditions which insure liquid-filIll attachIllent to solid surfaces without loss of unevaporated liquid to the gas streaIll when siIllple radial-hole injectors are used were found; the IllaxiIlluIll allowa...